In order to survive in the complex environment, budget programming or forecasting models have been criticized as inadequate for today’s business environment. Organizations have to use strategic planning to evaluate internal and external situation, then formulate proper strategies and implement them. The key to execute strategy is to have people in the organization understand it. Strategy map has a significant role in the strategic management due to describing strategies of organization and to help people understand strategies. Strategy map is essentially a graphical depiction of the causal model of an organization’s strategy then developing the causal model of the strategy is also important. This paper presents innovative approach to determine causal relationship and levels of strategic objectives in strategy map. For this purpose an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) based approach has been employed to strategy map. This paper also utilizes the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methodology to understand the interrelationships among the objectives so that those driving objectives, which can affect others and those dependent objectives, which are most influenced by driving objectives are identified. It emphasizes that interrelationship among objectives isn’t only down to up, it is on both side. An actual example of a small case pipe and fittings manufacturing company provides some managerial insights into the methodology.

Objective The development of insurance technology in the Iranian insurance industry and its acceptance by customers increase insurance penetration and reduce violations and frauds, as well as costs. Despite the growth in the number of internet and app users, Insurance startups have a small share in the premiums produced. The necessity to conduct this research is quite clear owing to the importance of technology acceptance in the insurance industry and the role of startups in countries’ GDP. An investigation of readiness to accept InsurTech is a critical challenge that should be considered when implementing any type of technology. Therefore, the success of insurance startups is not limited to the industry’ s authority, but it also includes identifying effective factors in users’ acceptance. In addition, if this technology is not utilized with all its features and technical capabilities, it will not achieve efficiency. These features are effective when they are accepted. This research mainly aims to design a model for insurance technology acceptance using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). Methodology This research uses grounded theory and interpretive structural modeling to design a technology acceptance model in the insurance industry. The grounded theory and 43 in-depth interviews with experts were used to identify factors affecting insurance technology acceptance. The interviews were conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 until theoretical saturation was achieved. Then, the thematic analysis was used to determine, analyze, and explain models within the data, and a confirmatory technique was applied to validate qualitative data. In the next stage, interpretive structural modeling was utilized to design the model and identify the constructs and relationships. The validity of the qualitative findings was assessed by interviewees during the interviews, and transcriptions of interview contents were reviewed carefully and immediately after each interview. The accuracy of concepts and themes extracted in terms of coordination with the reality was verified by comparing and reviewing interview texts. In addition, the impact of the themes obtained by the grounded theory was assessed using the structural-interpretive questionnaire distributed among ten interviewees. Findings The initial technology acceptance model was designed by interpretive structural modeling. According to the influence-dependence power diagram, support, legitimization, cultural development, and performance have a high influence power and low dependence power, and they are placed at the quadrant of independent variables. Moreover, price, cooperation, trust, and purchase advantages have a high dependency power and low influence power, and they are considered dependent variables. Constraints and complexity also have similar influence power and dependence power, and thus, they are linkage variables. Finally, among the variables, support with the highest influence power and lowest dependence power has the greatest effect on capacitation, while the trust with the lowest influence power and highest dependence power is the first level or dependent variable. It should be noted that none of the variables was laid in the autonomous quadrant. Since the variables of support, legitimization, cultural development, and performance have high driving power and influence power, these variables should be considered by the industry’ s authority to create a supportive atmosphere toward InsurTechs. They should provide appropriate resources, and boost infrastructures for sustainable development of InsurTechs. On the other hand, the variables of price, cooperation, trust, and purchase advantages have a high dependency power, and InsurTech companies should help to develop and increase national insurance penetration by presenting up-to-date marketing techniques, interacting with insurers concerning the attraction of customer trust in the insurance services and resolving their anxiety about their purchase, and creating attractiveness in customer purchase by providing unique advantages and more appropriate prices and conditions relative to traditional companies. According to the results, the variables of constraints and complexity have a high driving power. In other words, they give and receive high effects, and any change in these variables leads to fundamental changes. Conclusion Resolving legal barriers by industry’ s authority, providing suitable insurance services by startups, and facilitating the process are necessary activities. Acceptance of new technologies and cooperation among insurance companies and startups are the first step that should be considered by InsurTechs firmly toward the acceptance of technology by employees and customers. Furthermore, attracting the trust and interest of top managers of insurance companies is an important task of insurance startups so that they provide a context to customers’ further participation by ensuring the protection of their information. Cooperation among insurance companies and insurance startups in providing appropriate price and conditions, facilitating the access of InsurTechs, as business partners, to the real premium, and creating a platform to present unified web services by the industry’ s authority and insurer companies jointly are required for the acceptance of this technology. Support of the insurance industry in legitimizing and fostering the infrastructure for insurance startups decreases constraints. On the other hand, trust and cooperation of insurance companies with InsurTechs increase the customers’ acceptance of the insurance technology and use of purchase advantages achieved by this strategy. The results indicate that support has the greatest impact on capacitation, while trust is the most affected variable.

Entering today's competitive world, most businesses, especially small and medium-sized businesses, have been overwhelmed and frustrated by the monopoly structures of developing economies most of the time because of the recession and the sanctions of powerful countries, The intensity of this tension has increased several times. The need to focus on entrepreneurial orientation as a strategic principle will be a way to improve and develop these businesses effectively in the economies of societies, especially developing societies such as our own. The purpose of this research is designing a Total Interpretive/Structural Model for the Entrepreneurial Orientation of SEM Subsidiary Oil. In this qualitative and quantitative methodology, five university experts in the field of entrepreneurship participated in the meta-analysis and Delphi field to identify the research components and propositions from the same research and then to reach competence. The identified component theory and propositions were analyzed by Delphi analysis. In the quantitative part, with the participation of 25 managers of SMEs Subsidiary Oil and using matrix questionnaires, the identified propositions were stratified into a range of most influential propositions to the least effective ones. The Results in the qualitative analysis section of the existence of 3 main components based on 15 statements. Also showed results in the quantitative section; (X4) As Entrepreneurial Tendency Component Propositions at the Level of Information Technology Capabilities and Proposals to Change Traditional Warehousing (X7); Agile Production by Scale-Saving (X8); and Cost Control through Timely Evaluation of Machinery Depreciation (X9) Entrepreneurial at the competitive level The most influential causes in the oriented SMEs Subsidiary Oil Technologically are the entrepreneurial businesses.

The worldwide development of Maintenance Management Models (MMM) underscores the need of various organizations to take into account contextual and organizational differences and to design a model that is congruent with their context-based requirements. The purpose of the current study was to design an executive Maintenance Management Mode based on the Interpretive Structural Modelling Approach. To serve the purpose, the constituent components of the MMM were initially identified through literature review and interviews with experts which specified 14 components and 56 subcomponents in the form of 6 essential factors. Next, Interpretative Structural Modelling was employed to establish the relationship among the components and subcomponents ant to sequence them accordingly. Eventually, the overall structure of the MMM was proposed based on expert views and the statistical analyses. The findings indicated that six fundamental components including leadership, infrastructure, fundamental principles, support, improvement and Excellency constitute the very basis of the maintenance management in each technological organization. And that other components and sub-components emanate from these six components leading to ultimate improvement and Excellency of the organization.

The aim of this study was to design a poisonous leadership model with an interpretive structural approach in the disciplinary command of Golestan province. Therefore, this research is based on purpose, developmental-applied and based on method, descriptive-survey, which has been carried out as an exploratory mix. For this purpose, in the first step, the constituent elements of the poisonous leadership model were identified from the theoretical literature (by systematic review method) and interviews with experts (10 people). The output of this step was 47 components in 6 dimensions. Interpretive structural modeling was used to design the model. After analyzing the data, the results showed that the foundation of the poisonous leadership model is primarily (psychological characteristics of the leader), second (narcissism), third (authoritarian leadership-offensive leadership) and fourth (unpredictable behaviors-ambition) and The dimensions (authoritarian leadership, narcissism, and psychological characteristics of the leader) are in the independent cluster and the dimensions (ambition and unpredictable behaviors) are in the dependent cluster and the dimension (offensive supervision) is in the cluster. According to the results, it is suggested that the necessary measures and mechanisms be taken to prevent the emergence of a poisonous leadership style in the police command.

With the increase of human communication between societies, the phenomenon of migration is considered as one of the most important social, political, economic and international issues. The purpose of this study was to design a model for maintaining sports elites in Iran. This research aims to be developmental-applicative, and in terms of nature, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) with a combined exploratory-sequential design. The target community of the research was experts who were aware of the research topic. In order to conduct in-depth interviews and collect qualitative data from the targeted snowball technique until the theoretical saturation stage, 21 people were selected as a sample and to complete the researcher-made questionnaires in quantitative section, a sample of 5 people was suggested. The validity of the data of the qualitative part of the research was confirmed through continuous observation and review by a colleague and the reliability of these data was estimated to be 87% using the two coder index method. The validity of the data in the quantitative part was confirmed 80% by using the Lawshe content validity ratio and their reliability was confirmed 88% with the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Using the thematic analysis method based on the model of Braun and Clark (2006) and using the Maxqda10 software, the effective indicators on the maintenance of sports elites were identified and then modeling was done using structural-interpretive analysis (ISM) and using Matlab2016 software. In the research findings.

With the start of the twenty-first century because of economic infrastructure, health, security, communication, tourism has become one of the world's top three industries. In recent years, tourism has grown considerably meal in one of the most dynamic and most innovative tourism sector has become. Gastrvnvmy the purposes and tourism companies of the importance of tourism and economic development in order to diversify the national, regional and local awareness. The aim of the present study, functional, and in terms of data collection is descriptive. And data collected through questionnaires. tourism development and integrated set of food analyzed and finally using MICMAC analysis of variables and their effects on other variables were determined according to. Underlying operating model and to start and improve our position in the industry should be emphasized in the first place. As well as encouraging the development and promotion and consumption of local foods with the four lowest leverage effect. These variables have low leverage and dependence.

Job crafting is a deconstructive concept that transcends the traditional view of human resource knowledge about job design. It is process through which employees play an active role in how their work is transformed. The objective of the present study is to design an interpretive structural model of job crafting. After identifying the preconditions for job crafting and including them in the semi-closed questionnaire, the questionnaire was distributed among 18 heads of units and experts of the National Oil Company of Kerman Province who were identified through conceptual sampling and snowballs. The data were analyzed through MATLAB 9 and Mick Mac 2 software. Finally, 16 variables at 8 levels, including entrepreneurial orientation, self-efficacy and social skills, job motivation, job independence, job security and organizational identity, job position and perceived organizational support, psychological capital, transformational leadership, servant leadership, employee leadership, leadership empowerment, two-way leadership, dynamic personality, were identified as preconditions for job crafting. Introduction In the recent past, a person's relationship with his job was analyzed based on job design theories. The prevailing perception is that employees perform their duties according to the managers' definition of the job, and employees in similar jobs perform their duties in the same way and do not play an active role in how their jobs are transformed. So far, no complete research has been done on the preconditions of job crafting and how it is formed in the employees of the organizations. Case study National Company for Distribution of Petroleum Products in Kerman Province Materials and Methods This research is applied in terms of research orientation, descriptive in terms of purpose, and mixed in terms of research philosophy. To select the team of experts—since the purpose of generalizing the results was not mentioned—purposeful sampling method was used. The criteria for selecting experts were theoretical mastery, practical experience, willingness and ability to participate in research and access. Considering these criteria and also achieving theoretical saturation in the data coding process, eventually the number of experts with whose cooperation the research process was conducted, reached 18 people. Data collection was obtained through library studies, review of documents, in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The data were also analyzed by MATLAB 9 software and Mick Mac 2 analysis Discussion and Results In this study, 8 levels were introduced as preconditions for job crafting: the first level of entrepreneurial orientation, the second level of self-efficacy and social skills, the third level of job enthusiasm, the fourth level of job independence, job security and organizational identity, the fifth level of job position and organizational support Perceived, the sixth level of psychological capital, the seventh level of transformational leadership, servant leadership, employee-centered leadership, empowered leadership and mutual leadership, the eighth level of dynamic personality were identified as the preconditions of job crafting. Based on the research results, job creation preconditions are divided into individual and organizational factors and job factors and form demand. Motivations such as improving job performance, improving skills, as well as adapting work to other aspects of life, seem to be much more real and related to performance, and are more important than the psychological motivation found in previous research. Another important personality finding is that job characteristics and work environment play an important role in job crafting. In other words, job crafting is not only due to personal desire to improve one's job, sometimes unfavorable working conditions such as conflict, role overload and ... causes a person to have a job crafting, which is stated that the mismatch between the job and the employee causes the job crafting. In this study, like other studies that refer to organizational and contextual factors affecting job crafting, motivational and psychological drivers and organizational factors affecting job crafting are mentioned. In addition, these organizational and contextual factors are considered as the most important prerequisite for employees' active behavior for job crafting. Because these conditions and organizational factors can be the most important motivation for employees to monitor their surroundings and find job crafting opportunities. A very important achievement of the present study, which can be a breakthrough in the process of job recruitment analysis, is to pay attention to the individual and personality traits of individuals in the job recruitment process, which can help us understand why the results of job crafting in some Positive cases and in some cases negative. If reinforcing personality factors such as social skills, self-efficacy are consistent with job crafting, job crafting will have positive results, and if inhibitory personality factors such as weak personal abilities are associated with the job crafting process, job crafting will not have positive results. Conclusion In this study, 16 variables in 8 levels, including the first level: entrepreneurial orientation, the second level: self-efficacy and social skills, the third level: job motivation, the fourth level: job independence, job security and organizational identity, the fifth level: job position and perceived organizational support, Level 6: Psychological Capital, Level 7: Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, Employee Leadership, Empowering Leadership, Two-Powerful Leadership Level 8: Dynamic personality were identified as a precondition for job crafting and then the final model was drawn.

Nowadays, cyberspace has affected on various areas. So, it is necessary to control the negative and the positive effects of this space. Social security mentioned to the feeling of risk of the collective identity and society. The present study investigates the cultural and social threats of cyberspace on security, considering the dimensions of cyberspace effects. Social security is one of the pillars of soft warfare, so it is important to identify and control the threats. In this study, first 35 threatening factors were identified based on literature review and completing them by interviews with experts. Based on fuzzy Delphi, factors have been prioritized and 12 main factors extracted. Then, based on interpretive structural modeling, the factors are classified and placed in three levels, the lower levels have high priority and the factors of emergence of social movements, diminishing religious beliefs, using cyberspace as a tool of domination and the possibility of creating social unrest have the highest level of threats. Then, the factors are clustered by Mikmak analysis. At the end some suggestions and policy recommendations for controlling these factors are presented.